Alexandria
Country: Egypt
Region: Africa
Period: 332BCE-641CE
Location: 31.1975°N, 29.8925°E
Description
Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BCE and became the capital of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, which ruled Egypt after Alexander's death. The city, located on the Mediterranean coast, was designed as a hub of culture, commerce, and learning. Under the Ptolemies, Alexandria flourished as one of the most important cities in the ancient world, renowned for its grand architecture, its library, and its role as a melting pot of Greek, Egyptian, and Jewish cultures.
Modern Remains
Today, Alexandria is a major city in Egypt, with many ancient remains scattered throughout the modern urban landscape. Key sites include the ancient lighthouse, the Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, though it was destroyed by earthquakes. Modern excavations have uncovered parts of the ancient city's streets, buildings, and harbor structures, while the Alexandria National Museum and the Library of Alexandria's modern successor continue to preserve its historical legacy.